Electric bikes, or e-bikes, are the bee’s knees in the modern cycling world. Pedal a bit, let the motor do a bit and, before you know it, you’re up a steep hill without breaking a sweat. The heart of this magical transformation? The battery, of course! But not all e-bike batteries are created equal, especially in our rainy, beautiful UK. Let’s break it down, from flat to full charge with this electric bike battery types guide.
1. Lithium-ion Batteries (Li-ion)
The Cool Kid on the Block
These are the most common type of batteries found on e-bikes today and their development is constant. They’re light, efficient and last quite a while.
Pros:
- Long-lasting: They retain their charge well, making them reliable.
- Lightweight: Perfect for keeping your bike on the nimbler side.
- Quick charging: No need to twiddle your thumbs for too long!
Cons:
- Pricey: Your wallet might feel a tad lighter.
- Degradation over time: The capacity might decrease after several years of use.
2. Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries (NiMH)
The Reliable Old Pal
Before Li-ion batteries took over the scene, NiMH was the battery to beat. They are less common now but still pop up on occasion.
Pros:
- Eco-friendly: A greener choice for Mother Earth.
- More cycle lives: They can be charged and discharged a fair number of times.
Cons:
- Heavier: Might not be the best pick if you’re trying to keep the bike light.
- Slower to charge: Tea-time might last a bit longer with this one.
3. Lead Acid Batteries
The Classic, but Aging, Rockstar
Think of the battery in your car, but scaled down. This was the original type of e-bike battery, and although it’s still around, it’s becoming a rare find.
Pros:
- Cheap: Your wallet will thank you.
- Stable: Doesn’t degrade quickly.
Cons:
- Chunky: It’s the heaviest of the lot.
- Shorter life span: Will require replacing sooner than its modern counterparts.
4. Lithium Cobalt Oxide Batteries (LiCoO2 or LCO)
The Power-Packed Performer
Lithium Cobalt Oxide batteries are mostly found in electronics like laptops and smartphones, but they’ve made their presence known in the electric bike world as well. They’re known for packing a punch in a compact size.
Pros:
- High energy density: Delivers a lot of power without adding much weight.
- Compact: Size isn’t an issue, which is great for e-bikes designed with sleekness in mind.
Cons:
- Shorter lifespan: Compared to other lithium-based batteries, they might not last as many charging cycles.
- Temperature sensitivity: They don’t love extreme heat, so consider that on those rare blazing UK summer days.
5. Nickel-Cadmium Batteries (NiCd)
The Veteran of the Battery World
Before the new wave of batteries, NiCd was the go-to. It’s robust and reliable, but with the advent of newer technologies, it’s becoming a less common choice for electric bikes.
Pros:
- Resilient: It can handle deep discharges without significant performance drop.
- Consistent power output: You’ll get steady assistance throughout your ride.
Cons:
- Memory effect: If you don’t fully discharge them before charging, they might ‘remember’ and reduce their effective capacity.
- Environmental concerns: Cadmium is toxic, so recycling and disposal are essential.
6. Battery Capacity: Amp Hours (Ah) and Watt Hours (Wh)
The ‘How Far Can I Go?’ Metric
The distance you can travel on one charge (the range) is determined by these two metrics. Here’s a rule of thumb: Higher Ah or Wh means longer range. Always check these numbers of electric bike battery types when looking to buy, especially in the unpredictable UK weather where you might need a bit more juice.
7. Charging and Storage: Tips and Tricks for all electric bike battery types
Keep Your Battery Beaming
- Avoid extreme temperatures: Cold slows down electrons, and heat can degrade the battery. Keep it Goldilocks – just right.
- Partial charges are A-OK: Don’t feel the need to deplete it fully before charging.
- Store with care: If you’re storing your bike for winter, leave the battery at around 50% charged in a cool, dry place.
8. UK Specifics: E-Bike Laws and Battery Limits
Keep it Legal, Lads and Lasses
In the UK, there’s a legal limit to the power of e-bikes: 250 watts. That’s enough oomph to help you on those pesky hills but won’t make you a road hazard. And remember, always use approved chargers and batteries to avoid mishaps.
My Electric Bike Battery Types Recommendations
Remember, while newer battery types may sound more appealing, the best battery for your e-bike really depends on your needs, habits and budget. There’s a battery out there waiting to power your journey but these days it’s likely to be a Lithium-ion.
For zipping through the streets of London (or any other urban area):
- Lithium-ion Batteries (Li-ion): Due to their lightweight nature and efficient power output, Li-ion batteries are perfect for urban environments like towns and cities. The quick charge time ensures that commuters can get a full charge during work hours, ensuring a trouble-free ride home.
The Raleigh Motus Grand Tour Lowstep Derailleur is well built bike for daily commuter or weekend leisure that has a Bosch Lithium-ion battery (which incidentally does contain some cobalt, needed to produce its high energy density).
For conquering the hills of the Lake District (The Tissington Trail, Yorkshire Dales Cycleway, Bike Park Wales or one of the stunning Scotland routes, for example!):
- Lithium-ion Batteries (Li-on): Again, these type of batteries are now recommended as they have taken over the market currently. Some of the big brand electric bike manufacturers now have ‘range-extender’ batteries to add to your bike for longer power performance. They simply clip onto the e-bike frame and feed the motor when needed. Bosch also make a dual battery system offering an enormous 1250Wh capacity. This is sufficient to enjoy an all-day ride even on the highest power settings. It automatically pulls power from each battery simultaneously – the perfect way to preserve battery life.
The Cube Stereo Hybrid 160 HPC SLX 750 is an absolute power-house of an enduro-capable electric mountain bike with drool-worthy components. It makes use of a Bosch 750Wh battery that gives the rider 30-160 miles of power-assisted range, depending on terrain.
Electric Bike Battery Types Conclusion
Whether you’re a newbie e-biker or a seasoned pro, batteries are the heart and soul of your electric ride. From the electric bike battery types such as the trusty Li-ion to the old-school Lead Acid, there’s a battery to suit every rider’s needs although most modern bikes seem to be going the Li-on way. Just remember our high-voltage tips, keep it within the UK laws, and you’ll be pedalling happily for miles and miles. So, electric bike riders: charge up and enjoy the power!
Looking for more ideas? Read: What to Wear on an E-Bike